{ "name": "Warconomy sanctions timeline", "description": "Dated, source-linked sanctions milestones derived from existing observations and facts. An economic-impact reference, not legal advice and not a complete sanctions database.", "asOf": "2026-06-05", "events": [ { "date": "2026-04-30", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "Russia fossil fuel export revenue (CREA): 734 EUR million/day", "detail": "April 2026 (daily average), up 4% month-on-month", "sourceId": "crea-russia-fossil-tracker", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2026-04-23", "group": "Circumvention & export controls", "title": "EU-listed entities supporting Russia's military-industrial base / circumvention: 60 entities", "detail": "EU 20th sanctions package (28 of 60 in third countries), 23 April 2026", "sourceId": "ec-circumvention-20th", "path": "/sanctions/secondary-sanctions-circumvention/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2026-04-23", "group": "Shadow fleet", "title": "EU-listed shadow-fleet vessels: 632 vessels", "detail": "cumulative, as of the EU 20th sanctions package (23 April 2026)", "sourceId": "eu-council-shadow-fleet", "path": "/sanctions/shadow-fleet-shipping-insurance/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2026-04-23", "group": "Circumvention & export controls", "title": "Of the 60 entities the EU listed in its 20th package for supporting Russia's military-industrial complex or circumvention, 28 are established in third countries (including China, the UAE and Türkiye) — illustrating the third-country routing channel.", "detail": "28 of 60 listed entities in third countries", "sourceId": "ec-circumvention-20th", "path": "/sanctions/secondary-sanctions-circumvention/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2026-04-23", "group": "Shadow fleet", "title": "The EU lists shadow-fleet vessels in successive sanctions packages; with the 20th package (23 April 2026) the cumulative list reached 632 vessels in Russia's shadow fleet (up from 557 after the 19th package), subject to port-access and maritime-service bans, with vessels both added and occasionally delisted.", "detail": "632 vessels listed (EU, 20th package)", "sourceId": "eu-council-shadow-fleet", "path": "/sanctions/shadow-fleet-shipping-insurance/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2026-04-23", "group": "Circumvention & export controls", "title": "With its 20th sanctions package (23 April 2026) the EU activated its anti-circumvention tool against a third country for the first time, restricting exports of certain machine tools and telecommunications equipment to the Kyrgyz Republic over re-export risk to Russia.", "detail": "Anti-circumvention tool first activated (Kyrgyz Republic)", "sourceId": "ec-circumvention-20th", "path": "/sanctions/secondary-sanctions-circumvention/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2026-02-01", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "EU Russian crude oil price cap: 44.1 USD/bbl", "detail": "EU dynamic cap (15% below 6-month average Urals), effective 1 February 2026", "sourceId": "ec-crude-cap-2026", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2026-02-01", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "The G7, EU, and Australia first set the price cap on seaborne Russian crude oil at US$60 per barrel, applicable from 5 December 2022; the EU subsequently lowered its cap to a dynamic level — US$47.6 per barrel under the 18th package, then US$44.10 per barrel from 1 February 2026 — while the United States continued to apply the original US$60 level.", "detail": "US$60/bbl (2022) → US$44.10/bbl (EU, from Feb 2026)", "sourceId": "ec-crude-cap-2026", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2025-12-12", "group": "Frozen assets & ERA", "title": "Immobilized Russian central-bank assets (EU): 210 EUR billion", "detail": "immobilized in the EU (of about €260 billion worldwide)", "sourceId": "consilium-russia-sanctions", "path": "/sanctions/frozen-russian-assets-ukraine-financing/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2025-12-12", "group": "Frozen assets & ERA", "title": "The EU reports that around €260 billion of Central Bank of Russia assets are immobilized worldwide, with more than two-thirds (about €210 billion) in the EU; in December 2025 the EU decided to keep them immobilized indefinitely. The assets are immobilized, not confiscated.", "detail": "≈€210 billion (EU) of ≈€260 billion (worldwide)", "sourceId": "consilium-russia-sanctions", "path": "/sanctions/frozen-russian-assets-ukraine-financing/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2025-01-10", "group": "Frozen assets & ERA", "title": "EU contribution to G7 ERA loans: 18.1 EUR billion", "detail": "EU contribution to the G7 ERA loans (first €3 billion tranche, January 2025)", "sourceId": "ec-era-loan", "path": "/sanctions/frozen-russian-assets-ukraine-financing/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2025-01-10", "group": "Frozen assets & ERA", "title": "G7 ERA loans for Ukraine are repaid from the extraordinary revenues/windfall proceeds generated by immobilized Russian assets — not the principal assets themselves; the European Commission estimates these revenues at up to €2.5–3 billion a year.", "detail": "≈€2.5–3 billion/year extraordinary revenues", "sourceId": "ec-era-loan", "path": "/sanctions/frozen-russian-assets-ukraine-financing/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2025-01-10", "group": "Shadow fleet", "title": "OFAC-designated Russia-related vessels: 183 vessels", "detail": "designated in the 10 January 2025 OFAC action (143 tankers)", "sourceId": "us-treasury-jan2025-vessels", "path": "/sanctions/shadow-fleet-shipping-insurance/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2024-12-31", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "Russian gas share of EU gas imports: 19 % of EU gas imports", "detail": "2024 (down from 45% in 2021)", "sourceId": "ec-repowereu", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2024-12-31", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "Under REPowerEU, the European Commission reported that the EU dropped its share of Russian gas imports from 45% to 19%, with a partial rebound in 2024, and set out a roadmap to fully end EU dependency on Russian energy.", "detail": "Russian gas share of EU imports: 45% → 19%", "sourceId": "ec-repowereu", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2024-12-10", "group": "Frozen assets & ERA", "title": "The U.S. Treasury disbursed a US$20 billion loan to benefit Ukraine as part of the US$50 billion G7 Extraordinary Revenue Acceleration (ERA) loan initiative, to be repaid with proceeds from immobilized Russian sovereign assets.", "detail": "US$20 billion disbursed of US$50 billion (G7 ERA)", "sourceId": "us-treasury-era", "path": "/sanctions/frozen-russian-assets-ukraine-financing/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2024-10-25", "group": "Frozen assets & ERA", "title": "G7 ERA loans to Ukraine (total): 50 USD billion", "detail": "G7 ERA loan initiative total (announced 2024; US$20 billion U.S. tranche disbursed)", "sourceId": "us-treasury-era", "path": "/sanctions/frozen-russian-assets-ukraine-financing/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2024-02-23", "group": "Circumvention & export controls", "title": "Common High Priority Items (export-control list): 50 items", "detail": "Common High Priority Items, version of February 2024 (EU/US/UK/Japan)", "sourceId": "ec-chpl", "path": "/sanctions/secondary-sanctions-circumvention/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2024-02-23", "group": "Circumvention & export controls", "title": "The EU, US, UK, and Japan jointly maintain a Common High Priority Items list of battlefield/dual-use goods (50 HS codes as of February 2024) that Russia seeks to procure, used to focus export-control and circumvention-enforcement efforts.", "detail": "50 Common High Priority Items (HS codes)", "sourceId": "ec-chpl", "path": "/sanctions/secondary-sanctions-circumvention/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2023-09-25", "group": "Shadow fleet", "title": "Shadow-fleet share of Russian oil exports: 36 % of exports (volume)", "detail": "cumulative since 5 December 2022, as reported by CREA (September 2023)", "sourceId": "crea-shadow-tankers", "path": "/sanctions/shadow-fleet-shipping-insurance/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2023-02-05", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "EU price caps on seaborne Russian refined products have applied since 5 February 2023, at US$100 per barrel for premium-to-crude products (e.g. diesel, kerosene, gasoline) and US$45 per barrel for discount-to-crude products (e.g. fuel oil, naphtha).", "detail": "US$100/bbl premium; US$45/bbl discount", "sourceId": "ec-sanctions-energy", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2023-02-05", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "Russian refined products price cap (premium-to-crude): 100 USD/bbl", "detail": "premium-to-crude products (e.g. diesel), in effect since 5 February 2023", "sourceId": "ec-sanctions-energy", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2022-12-05", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "The U.S. Treasury reports that the G7-led Price Cap Coalition set the price cap on seaborne Russian-origin crude oil at US$60 per barrel, effective 5 December 2022, via an OFAC determination under Executive Order 14071; the United States continued to apply the US$60 level after the EU adopted a lower dynamic cap. It is a policy threshold for covered services, not a market price, and not legal or compliance advice.", "detail": "US$60/bbl (U.S./G7, since 5 Dec 2022)", "sourceId": "us-treasury-russia-price-cap", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" }, { "date": "2022-12-05", "group": "Energy price caps & trade", "title": "U.S./G7 Russian crude oil price cap: 60 USD/bbl", "detail": "U.S./G7 Price Cap Coalition level, in effect since 5 December 2022", "sourceId": "us-treasury-russia-price-cap", "path": "/sanctions/russia-energy-trade/economic-impact" } ] }