{
  "name": "Warconomy defense spending",
  "asOf": "2026-06-05",
  "page": "https://warconomy.com/defense",
  "dashboard": "https://warconomy.com/dashboards/defense-spending",
  "comparison": "https://warconomy.com/defense/comparison",
  "rankings": "https://warconomy.com/defense/rankings",
  "observationIds": [
    "obs-defense-global",
    "obs-defense-yoy",
    "obs-defense-nato2pct",
    "obs-defense-us-2025",
    "obs-defense-china-2025",
    "obs-defense-russia-2025",
    "obs-defense-germany-2025",
    "obs-defense-india-2025",
    "obs-defense-uk-2025",
    "obs-defense-ukraine-2025",
    "obs-defense-saudi-2025",
    "obs-defense-france-2025",
    "obs-defense-japan-2025"
  ],
  "sourceIds": [
    "sipri-milex-2025",
    "nato",
    "sipri-milex-2024"
  ],
  "seriesIds": [
    "series-global-milex"
  ],
  "indicators": [
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-global",
      "metric": "Global military expenditure",
      "value": 2887,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-yoy",
      "metric": "Global military expenditure — real-terms change",
      "value": 2.9,
      "unit": "%",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-nato2pct",
      "metric": "NATO defense spending (share at/above 2% GDP)",
      "value": 32,
      "unit": "allies",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "nato"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-us-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 954,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-china-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 336,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-russia-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 190,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-germany-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 114,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-india-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 92.1,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-uk-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 89,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-ukraine-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 84.1,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-saudi-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 83.2,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-france-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 68,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "obs-defense-japan-2025",
      "metric": "Country military expenditure",
      "value": 62.2,
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "dataMode": "live",
      "asOf": "2025-12-31",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    }
  ],
  "countryComparison": {
    "metric": "country-military-expenditure",
    "period": "2025",
    "unit": "USD billion",
    "note": "Only the comparable SIPRI country-expenditure metric is ranked; same year, same unit, same source.",
    "rows": [
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-us-2025",
        "value": 954,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-china-2025",
        "value": 336,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-russia-2025",
        "value": 190,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-germany-2025",
        "value": 114,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-india-2025",
        "value": 92.1,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-uk-2025",
        "value": 89,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-ukraine-2025",
        "value": 84.1,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-saudi-2025",
        "value": 83.2,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-france-2025",
        "value": 68,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      },
      {
        "id": "obs-defense-japan-2025",
        "value": 62.2,
        "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
      }
    ]
  },
  "series": [
    {
      "id": "series-global-milex",
      "title": "World military expenditure",
      "unit": "USD billion",
      "cadence": "annual",
      "path": "/series/series-global-milex",
      "snapshots": [
        {
          "period": "2024",
          "value": 2718,
          "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2024"
        },
        {
          "period": "2025",
          "value": 2887,
          "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "id": "fact-defense-global-2024",
      "statement": "SIPRI reports world military expenditure reached US$2,718 billion in 2024, a 9.4% increase that was the steepest year-on-year rise since at least 1988 — the predecessor point to the 2025 total.",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2024"
    },
    {
      "id": "fact-defense-global",
      "statement": "SIPRI reports that world military expenditure rose for the eleventh consecutive year in 2025, continuing a sustained multi-year increase.",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "fact-defense-top3",
      "statement": "SIPRI reports the top three spenders — the United States, China, and Russia — spent a combined US$1,480 billion in 2025, about 51% of the global total.",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "fact-defense-top5",
      "statement": "SIPRI reports the five biggest spenders in 2025 — the United States, China, Russia, Germany, and India — together accounted for 58% of world military spending.",
      "sourceId": "sipri-milex-2025"
    }
  ],
  "dataNeeds": [
    {
      "topic": "per-country time series (US/China/Russia annual)",
      "requiredSource": "SIPRI with directly-readable exact prior-year country values (same current-USD basis)",
      "status": "blocked: only the 2025 country values are directly verified in-repo; prior-year country figures not adopted to avoid mixing nominal/constant-USD bases"
    },
    {
      "topic": "full top-10 and regional totals",
      "requiredSource": "SIPRI fact-sheet exact values (not chart-derived)",
      "status": "blocked: only the top-3 spenders are directly text-verifiable from the accessible fact sheet"
    }
  ],
  "caveats": [
    "Annual SIPRI/NATO figures, source-linked and manually maintained; not real-time.",
    "Military expenditure is not the same as procurement, military aid, or battlefield activity.",
    "Currency/year/source basis matters; figures are levels and direction, not a causal attribution.",
    "Partial coverage — only source-verified spenders and totals are shown."
  ]
}